pentose (CH2O)5, monosaccharide with five carbon atoms, such as ribose 核糖[he2 tang2]

amyl alcohol

fifteenth year E3 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1998 or 2058

thirty-fifth year E11 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1958 or 2018

twenty-fifth year E1 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 2008 or 2068

forty-fifth year E9 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1968 or 2028

fifth year E5 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1988 or 2048

fifty-fifth year E7 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1978 or 2038

xylitol

coup by Dowager Empress Cixi 慈禧太后[Ci2 xi3 tai4 hou4] ending the 1898 attempt to reform the Qing dynasty

Hundred Days Reform (1898), failed attempt to reform the Qing dynasty

isoprene rubber

isoprene

Hundred Days Reform (1898), failed attempt to reform the Qing dynasty

cyclopentene C5H8 (ring of five carbon atoms)

the Six Gentlemen Martyrs of the failed reform movement of 1898, executed in its aftermath, namely: Tan Sitong 譚嗣同|谭嗣同[Tan2 Si4 tong2], Lin Xu 林旭[Lin2 Xu4], Yang Shenxiu 楊深秀|杨深秀[Yang2 Shen1 xiu4], Liu Guangdi 劉光第|刘光第[Liu2 Guang1 di4], Kang Guangren 康廣仁|康广仁[Kang1 Guang3 ren2] and Yang Rui 楊銳|杨锐[Yang2 Rui4]

tebuconazole (antifungal agent)

hepatitis E

amobarbital (drug) (loanword)

pentasorbital sodium (a sedative)

amyl nitrite