to practice

to extract (ore, minerals etc)

purgatory

to smelt metal

to refine (a substance)

to refine with fire

condensed milk

oil refinery

(of Taoists) to practice austerities

to craft one's words

smelting iron

variant of 洗練|洗练[xi3 lian4]

to polish a phrase

variant of 簡練|简练[jian3 lian4]

to parch and refine medicinal herbs

alchemy

to condense milk (by evaporation)

to forge (metal); (fig.) to toughen sb up; to hone (one's skills)

variant of 凝練|凝练[ning2 lian4]

to smelt

to refine crude oil

to refine

(chemistry) to refine

(fig.) to temper; to forge; to toughen (through hardship or repeated trials)